A new report from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
(NASA) finds that the Antarctic ice cap has exceeded 20 million square
kilometers, a freeze that hasn't been seen since 1979 when the agency
began to compile records.
"Sea ice surrounding Antarctica reached a new record high extent this
year, covering more of the southern oceans than it has since scientists
began a long-term satellite record to map sea ice extent in the late
1970s," the
NASA website reported on October 7.
NASA went on to say:
Since the late 1970s, the Arctic has lost an average of 20,800 square
miles (53,900 square kilometers) of ice a year; the Antarctic has
gained an average of 7,300 square miles (18,900 sq km). On Sept. 19 this
year, for the first time ever since 1979, Antarctic sea ice extent
exceeded 7.72 million square miles (20 million square kilometers),
according to the National Snow and Ice Data Center. The ice extent
stayed above this benchmark extent for several days. The average maximum
extent between 1981 and 2010 was 7.23 million square miles (18.72
million square kilometers).
The single-day maximum extent this year was reached on Sept. 20,
according to NSIDC data, when the sea ice covered 7.78 million square
miles (20.14 million square kilometers). This year's five-day average
maximum was reached on Sept. 22, when sea ice covered 7.76 million
square miles (20.11 million square kilometers), according to NSIDC.
The amount of ice did surprise many, and Claire Parkinson, a senior
scientist at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, noted that "not every
location on the face of Earth is acting as expected." She went on to say
that the readings make scientists ask "OK, this isn’t what we expected,
now how can we explain it?"
"There hasn’t been one explanation yet that I’d say has become a
consensus, where people say, ‘We’ve nailed it, this is why it’s
happening,'" Parkinson added.
Regardless, Parkinson and others at NASA contend that all this is still a result of global warming.
"The planet as a whole is doing what was expected in terms of
warming. Sea ice as a whole is decreasing as expected, but just like
with global warming, not every location with sea ice will have a
downward trend in ice extent," she said.