Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta Finanzas. Mostrar todas las entradas
Mostrando entradas con la etiqueta Finanzas. Mostrar todas las entradas

miércoles, noviembre 27, 2013

Chair of Canadian Mint helped run offshore 'tax-avoidance scheme' for clients

The chair of the Royal Canadian Mint, who also served as an adviser on international taxation to the federal Finance Department, helped engineer the transfer of millions of dollars of a prominent Canadian family through offshore tax havens in what others involved characterized as a "tax avoidance scheme," documents obtained by CBC News show.
Slightly more than $8 million was moved through offshore entities in Bermuda, Barbados and Antigua, later prompting allegations that the arrangement, if exposed, could lead to potentially hundreds of thousands of dollars in "taxes, interest and penalties." The documents show there were also concerns about secrecy and instructions to shred files.
The hundreds of records are part of a sprawling lawsuit against James Barton Love, a Toronto tax lawyer who chairs the mint's board of directors, and others by descendants of former prime minister Arthur Meighen. Quietly settled in 2011, the lawsuit saw family members allege that the offshore transactions, which began in 1996, were unlawful and negligent and that Love "breached his fiduciary duties and acted oppressively."
Love countered in sworn statements that the offshore manoeuvres "resulted in significant savings of Canadian tax" for Meighen's heirs — an amount he estimated at $1 million.
He also emphatically denied any breach of trust and said he had "specifically advised" there were risks to the offshore arrangement.
None of the allegations was ever tested in court.

'Complex transaction'

Love, a close friend of Finance Minister Jim Flaherty who was appointed to the Mint's board in 2006, was also a trustee for most of the last decade of the Arthur Meighen Trust, an entity set up by the former Conservative PM in 1949 to distribute his wealth to his family. Before taking on that formal role, documents show Love had been an adviser and "close" friend to several Meighen family members.
If you have more information on this story, or other investigative tips to pass on, please email investigations@cbc.ca.
It was in that advisory role that Love, in the mid-1990s, informed the managers of the Meighen Trust that they could get "Canadian tax relief on the income from about 40 per cent of the [trust] assets" if they moved the money offshore, Meighen's great-granddaughters say in their statement of claim.
The use of secret accounts in offshore jurisdictions like Switzerland or the Cayman Islands has been thrust into the media limelight in recent years, following a spate of data leaks — including from several Swiss banks — that exposed account-holders’ identities and information.  The most recent large leak was made public in April, when CBC News teamed up with the U.S.-based International Consortium of Investigative Journalists to report on secret accounts linked to 130,000 people worldwide.
More at cbc >>
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Also:  How the rich hide money offshore >>
How the rich hide money offshore

martes, noviembre 05, 2013

The Proper Role of Debt in Public Policy

What is the proper role of debt in public policy?
Most people would agree that when a government borrows money, it should be used to fund projects today that will provide positive benefits to the community for years to come. That mainly means things like investing in physical infrastructure to support not just projects that have high costs to create, such as roads, bridges, water treatment facilities, airports or schools, but also that will also last for decades while providing a positive return on investment through increased economic activity.
Under no circumstances however should governments borrow large amounts of money for the sake of sustaining their day-to-day operations that they cannot pay off with their direct tax collections within the course of a single year. These are not just expenses like the wages, salaries, and benefits of government employees and the office supplies they consume, but also for things that have relatively short life spans, which means that they will need to be replaced within in much less than ten years time. Things like library books, computer software, mobile phones, police cars, trash bins, et cetera.
http://aging.ohio.gov/news/agingconnection/2009January/2.asp
The reason why it is such a bad thing to begin using large amounts of debt to finance short-term operational expenses is because of the mismatch it creates between the life span of the expense and the term of the debt. It makes absolutely no sense to pay principal and interest payments for a government-issued bond for thirty years for the sake of buying something like police cars today that will most likely be decommissioned in less than five years time. By the time the debt that supported these kinds of expenses will be paid off, the benefits provided to the public will have been long forgotten.
When that kind of mismatch develops between the term of government-issued debt and the lifespan of the things it funds or sustains, it is a clear indication that the government has crossed the event horizon for its debt, which can now spiral out of control and become a debt death trap. In this situation, a government must issue ever-increasing amounts of debt to sustain the excessive spending ambitions of its politicians, who often will be long gone or perhaps even in prison by the time the bills they racked up through their fiscal malfeasance might fully be paid.
Unfortunately, that is the story of many local governments and municipalities around the United States, which are increasingly turning to bankruptcy proceedings to escape the fiscal recklessness of their civic leaders. And while it has not yet reached that point, it is today's developing story for the City of Chicago. The Chicago Tribune's Jason Grotto, Heather Gillers, Patricia Callahan and Alex Richards report:
When municipal officials want to build for the future, they have a powerful financial tool at their disposal: general obligation bonds that yield millions of borrowed dollars. The money is meant to let cities move forward on costly projects that will serve the community for decades.
But in an unprecedented analysis of Chicago’s finances, a Tribune investigation found that city officials have long abused their borrowing privileges, spending funds meant for long-term initiatives on problematic short-term expenses from library books to legal settlements.
Residents know little about it, as Illinois law doesn’t require Chicago to ask voters’ permission before issuing bonds. And when the city can’t pay what it owes, it uses yet more borrowed money as leverage to push off payments on old bonds.
This pattern of fiscal recklessness, which started under former Mayor Richard M. Daley, created a mountain of debt that threatens the financial future of the city. Now Rahm Emanuel is groping for ways to deal with the problem along with a looming pension crisis and chronic budget deficits.
Once a debt death trap begins, an ever-increasing portion of a government's spending must go to support its debt obligations. The interest rates that the increasingly fiscally-distressed government must pay to its lenders for new debt to sustain its spending also increase at the same time, because the lenders recognize that the government is less capable of making its debt payments from its available tax collections, so they must protect themselves from an increased risk of default by charging a higher price for the money they lend.
That vicious cycle then repeats and becomes amplified over time, which makes it more and more difficult to escape from that situation as the government's debt situation spirals out of control and it becomes stuck in a debt trap of the politicians' own making.
Petition to File for Bankruptcy - Source: FBI
Faced with that situation, many politicians increasingly turn to tax hikes to try to balance their government's books, but these measures invariably fail because of how adversely they affect the local economy that supplies the tax revenue that supports the government's operations. The negative impact of these tax hikes create a massive fiscal drag that far outstrips the impact of what simply cutting their government's unsustainable amount of spending to more fiscally-responsible levels would have been, if only they had been willing to reduce their spending.
So why don't the politicians do the fiscally-responsible thing and reduce the amount of their spending to a more sustainable level long before it even puts the government at risk of a debt crisis?
In many cases, the unsustainable level of spending that puts their government at risk is really what the politicians promised to deliver to their political backers in exchange for the endorsements and campaign contributions that help put them in power, which is why they resist taking that responsible action so strongly. It is far more important to them to meet their backers' needs than those of regular citizens, and particularly so when their political backers gain so much from the government's spending.
In the end, the only way out is to make the political sacrifice and cut government spending to sustainable levels, while at the same time defaulting on their debt obligations and seeking relief through bankruptcy. The people who get hurt the most as that process plays out are the regular citizens whose real interests were being ignored by the politicians all along.
And how that process will play out is the real story that is developing in Chicago today.

jueves, octubre 31, 2013

Britain: "A World Capital for Islamic Finance"/ Gatestone Institute

"I want London to stand alongside Dubai and Kuala Lumpur as one of the great capitals of Islamic finance anywhere in the world." — David Cameron, Prime Minister, Great Britain.
But critics say that British ambitions to attract investments from Muslim countries, companies and individuals are spurring the gradual establishment of a parallel financial system based on Islamic Sharia law. The Treasury also said some sukuk Islamic bond issues may require the government to restrict its dealings with Israeli-owned companies in order to attract Muslim money.
The London Stock Exchange will be launching a new Islamic bond index in an effort to establish the City of London as one of the world's leading centers of Islamic finance.
Britain also plans to become the first non-Muslim country to issue sovereign Islamic bonds, known as sukuk, beginning as early as 2014.
The plans are all part of the British government's strategy to acquire as big a slice as possible of the fast-growing global market of Islamic finance, which operates according to Islamic Sharia law and is growing 50% faster than the conventional banking sector.
Although it is still a fraction of the global investment market -- Sharia-compliant assets are estimated to make up only around 1% of the world's financial assets -- Islamic finance is expected to be worth £1.3 trillion (€1.5 trillion; $2 trillion) by 2014, a 150% increase from its value in 2006, according to the World Islamic Banking Competitiveness Report 2012-2013, published in May 2013 by the consultancy Ernst & Young.
But critics say that Britain's ambitions to attract investments from Muslim countries, companies and individuals are spurring the gradual establishment of a parallel global financial system based on Islamic Sharia law.
British Prime Minister David Cameron announced the plans during a keynote speech at the ninth World Islamic Economic Forum, which was held in London from October 29-31, the first time the event has ever been held outside the Muslim world.
"Already London is the biggest center for Islamic finance outside the Islamic world," Cameron told the audience of more than 1,800 international political and business leaders from over 115 countries.
"And today our ambition is to go further still. Because I don't just want London to be a great capital of Islamic finance in the Western world, I want London to stand alongside Dubai and Kuala Lumpur as one of the great capitals of Islamic finance anywhere in the world."
Keep reading on Gatestone Institute >>

viernes, octubre 18, 2013

Why China Wants to Dump the Dollar

www.dailypaul.com

China’s Dagong credit rating agency on October 17th downgraded its United States sovereign credit rating to A- and maintained its negative outlook on America’s solvency. Dagong warned that despite Washington's last-minute resolution of the debt ceiling deadlock, “The fundamental situation that the debt growth rate significantly outpaces that of fiscal income and gross domestic product remains unchanged.” 

China's official state-run news agency, Xinhua, reiterated its statements that because of the continuing risk of a U.S. debt default, it is “a good time for the befuddled world to start considering building a de-Americanized world.” This language is code for China wanting to abandon the U.S. dollar as the world’s “reserve currency” and move international financial transactions to the renminbi, the currency of the People's Republic of China
Having benefited for twenty years from their under-valued currency, importing manufacturing jobs, and exporting lower priced products, China’s comparative advantage is being destroyed by America’s oil and natural gas fracking boom. The Chinese communist authorities are terrified their loss of competitiveness will cause unemployment and the social consequences that flow from it. But with the terms of trade now substantially against China, convincing the world to dump the U.S. dollar as reserve currency and switch to the Chinese “renminbi” is their best hope to try to save tens of millions of manufacturing jobs. 
When the Soviet Union collapsed in the early 1990s, China’s economy began to implode and inflation skyrocketed from 10% to 25%. The United States, Europe, and Japan saved the Chinese economy by allowing China to devalue their currency by 68% and gain tariff free export to the world’s largest markets. Under this new communist form of capitalism from 1993 to 2008, China’s economy quadrupled, the U.S. economy doubled, Europe's rose by half, and Japan's stagnated.
Contract manufacturing is a very competitive business and historically had an average profit margin of only 3.5%. This assumes uncontrollable costs of about 75-80% for purchased inputs and 13.5% for energy. The companies primarily compete over managements’ ability to get more or less productivity from an average of 8.5% in labor cost, but China’s labor rates were initially 75% cheaper than the U.S. By moving production to China, manufacturers could often double their profit margins to 7% of sales. Once in China, manufacturers could also discount their sales prices to wipe out U.S. competition.
U.S. trade “experts” in 1993 expected Chinese workers’ total factor productivity (TFP) would be less than a quarter of American workers’ 1.25% annual productivity gain. This may not sound like allot, but over a 15 year period Chinese manufacturers would produce a unit for 95% of original cost and U.S. manufacturers would be producing the same unit for 82% of cost. The “experts” predicted few jobs would be lost to China, and America would gain new markets for high tech manufactured goods. 
Over the next 15 years, China grew the number of assembly workers involved in manufacturing for export to over 200 million workers. America lost about eight million manufacturing jobs to China, 40% of our 20 million production jobs. But even more damaging, every manufacturing job also lost four service jobs and another 1.58 manufacturing jobs from sub-assembly manufacturers who locate near their customer.
China understood that as it sucked manufacturing jobs out of the U.S., the Chinese renminbi currency would be expected to rise in value and destroy their “cheap” labor advantage. As a communist nation, they adopted a national policy of recycling a portion of their export sales revenue into the purchase of U.S. Treasury bonds to drive up the value of the U.S. dollar versus the Chinese renminbi.
Keep reading on breitbart >>

miércoles, octubre 09, 2013

El adiós del ‘helicóptero Ben’

blog.afraidtotrade.com
Ben Bernanke nunca mostró gran pasión por trabajar en la Reserva Federal, o al menos no estuvo tan enamorado del cargo como su predecesor, Alan Greenspan. Es más, se mostró contrario a que la institución se asocie a una única persona. Por eso, a más de tres meses de cumplir su segundo mandato al frente del banco central más poderoso del mundo, se confirma que el 31 de enero de 2014 será su último día.
En ese momento empezará a juzgarle la historia por haber estado al frente del mayor experimento de política monetaria desde que se creó la Reserva Federal. De momento, lo que parece claro, vistas las circunstancias, es que se merece un respiro. El periodo durante el que le tocó dirigir la Fed fue extraordinario en todos los sentidos y eso es algo que no cuestionan ni los más críticos.
Bernanke ya atravesó por alguna dificultad cuando el Senado tuvo que confirmarle para un segundo mandato, porque a un gran número de republicanos y a algunos demócratas les preocupaba la laxitud de su política. Laxitud que llevó a la Fed a dejar los tipos intactos en el 0% desde diciembre de 2008 y a comprar activos de deuda en masa hasta multiplicar por cinco su balance.
El presidente de la Fed, uno de los principales expertos en el estudio de la Gran Depresión, se mostró siempre tranquilo, incluso en los momentos más intensos y complicados de la crisis financiera. Además, estableció una estrecha cooperación y colaboración con el Tesoro de EE UU al salir al rescate del sector financiero tras el colapso de Lehman Brothers, epicentro del seísmo.
La espita de los estímulos sigue abierta. La Fed está comprando deuda pública e hipotecaria a un ritmo de 85.000 millones de dólares al mes. A este ritmo, para cuando deje el cargo acumulará cerca de cuatro billones en su balance. Ese es el legado que deja a su sucesor y también un mercado que se ha acostumbrado a ver como la Reserva Federal le echa una mano cuando lo necesita.
Continuar leyendo en  EL PAÍS >>

lunes, septiembre 02, 2013

Créditos bancarios a cubanos superaron los 1,500 millones de pesos desde 2011

estamos hablando que el prestamo promedio es de poco mas de 5,535 pesos cubanos, unos 230 cuc, lo que ubica el credito bancario cubano en el nivel mas bajo de la politica del microcredito. no hay que dejarse impresionar por los numeros y los titulares, no hay voluntad crediticia mas alla del paradigma social de que el "pichon se busque su propio alpiste" o el "taino se luche su yuca", todo coherente con el principio de evitar el desarrollo de bolsones de acumulacion de riquezas. concentrarse en lo "grande" y deshacerse de lo "pequeno", esa es la verdadera concepcion economica [sociopolitica tambien o sobre todo] del neocastrismo que transita hacia un postcastrismo sustentable.
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Informe21.com
El Banco Central de Cuba (BCC) concedió desde 2011 y hasta julio pasado unos 271.152 créditos a particulares por más de 1.500 millones de pesos cubanos, equivalentes a unos 62,5 millones de dólares, informó hoy el diario oficial Granma.
Desde que en diciembre de 2011 entró en vigor en la isla una nueva política crediticia, los financiamientos más demandados son para "acciones constructivas en las viviendas", indicó al periódico el vicepresidente del BCC, Francisco Mayobre.
El directivo señaló que por otra parte los créditos a los trabajadores del sector privado han aumentado debido a las nuevas facilidades incorporadas a los bancos comerciales para su otorgamiento.
Por ejemplo, se simplificaron trámites, se estableció un plazo sin cobros por préstamos para los trabajadores que se inician en el sector, y se les exoneró del pago de comisiones bancarias, de acuerdo con el rotativo.
La nueva política de créditos arrancó en 2011 para permitir la financiación bancaria al sector no estatal con el objetivo de dinamizar el trabajo autónomo, la producción agropecuaria, la rehabilitación de viviendas y otras gestiones.
Este año, el Gobierno cubano anunció una nueva ampliación del acceso de los particulares a esos financiamientos, al diversificar las opciones de garantía de pago para que los cubanos adquirieran créditos bancarios, lo cual antes sólo podían respaldar con dinero.
La política crediticia acompaña la ampliación del sector privado y el fomento de las cooperativas, como parte de las reformas impulsadas por el presidente Raúl Castro para "actualizar" el socialismo cubano y superar la crisis económica de la isla. EFE

jueves, julio 25, 2013

How hackers scored millions in epic heist: 160 million credit cards later, 'cutting edge' hacking ring cracked

 
Visit NBCNews.com for breaking news, world news, and news about the economy
Video: CNBC’s Andrea Day has the latest on a massive hacking ring that targeted major American companies. Four Russian nationals and one Ukrainian have been charged.
For nearly a decade, a band of cybercriminals rampaged through the servers of a global business who's who: Among the victims were 7-Eleven, Dow Jones, Nasdaq, JetBlue and JC Penney. Prosecutors say the hackers stole "conservatively" 160 million credit card numbers, and the dollar value of the crimes they helped facilitate is enormous — just four of the victims are out $300 million. The suffering caused to identity theft victims was "immeasurable," say prosecutors.
On Thursday, five of the gang's members were indicted. One is in custody in the U.S., a second is awaiting extradition in the Netherlands, and three more are still at large in what U.S. Attorney Paul Fishman said is the largest data heist case ever prosecuted.
Dmitriy Smilianets, 29, of Moscow, is in custody, while Vladimir Drinkman, 32, of Syktyykar, is awaiting an extradition hearing. The other three — Aleksandr Kalinin, 26, Roman Kotov, 32, and Ukrainian Mikhail Rytikov, 26, remain at large.
Originally part of a crime ring led by Albert Gonzalez, who was arrested back in 2008, the five continued their data conquests even after Gonzalez was sentenced to 20 years in prison.
The group kept security professionals and journalists busy for years, causing embarrassing data leaks at grocery-store chain Hannaford Brothers Co. (4.2 million cards), Discover (2 million cards), and Dow Jones (10,000 corporate logins).
Often, one of the criminals would shop at the retailers to observe checkout registers and deduce which systems were used, assessing their vulnerability. Then, they'd gain access to credit card payment systems and siphon off millions of victims' account numbers as they were involved in transactions.
They even bragged to each other about the fame they were gaining by picking prominent targets — and used Google alerts to learn when their access might be cut off. The following chat transcript was included in Thursday’s indictment:
Kalinin: haha they had hannaford issue on tv news? Gonzalez: not here Gonzalez: I have triggers set on google news for things like "data breach" "credit card fraud" "debit card fraud" "atm fraud" "hackers Gonzalez: I get emailed news articles immediately when they come out, you should do the same, its how I find out when my hacks are found :) Gonzalez: hannaford lasted 3 months of sales before it was in the news, im trying to figure out how much time its gonig (sic) to be alive for
The group really hit paydirt when they turned away from brand-name retailers and toward credit card payment processors. Hoards of stolen card numbers — known as "dumps" — flowed through these little-known financial firms that connect retailers and banks, leading to record-breaking heists: Heartland Payment Systems (130 million cards); Commidea, in Europe (30 million); Euronet (2 million); and Global Payment Systems (950,000).
Prosecutors say they took the "dumps" and turned to middle-men called "dump resellers." They in turn split up the data into blocks, and resold it through a worldwide network of "cashers." U.S. card numbers could fetch $10, while European cards fetched up to $50.
Prosecutors say the five men used relatively simple "SQL Injection" methods to break into company servers. That family of attacks has many variations, but it essentially involves using website forms to feed bad information into an underlying database and tricking it into giving access to an attacker.
For example, a long string of unexpected characters entered into a blank form used to enter an email address can confuse a misconfigured server and dupe it into giving the user privileged access. In the Nasdaq hack, attackers exploited a feature designed to help legitimate users recall forgotten passwords.
The process could take time however. When the hackers first gained access in August 2007, they talked about how overwhelming the data haul was.
"Those dbs (databases) are hell big and I think most of info is trading histories," Kalinin wrote at the time. But six months later, they'd figured out how to get valuable information from Nasdaq servers. "Nasdaq is owned," he wrote.
Three of the five men indicted remain at large. Smilianets and Drinkman were arrested in the Netherlands in June 2012 while traveling. Smilianets has been extradited to the U.S.; Drinkman is still in the Netherlands awaiting an extradition hearing.
The indictment comes after a years-long investigation by federal authorities into a massive credit card fraud operation that was first identified back in 2008, when Gonzalez — also known as “soupnazi” — was arrested. Gonzalez is probably the most notorious credit card hacker in history.
Directing a group called Shadowcrew, Gonzalez simultaneously worked as a cooperating witness for federal investigators, but continued to direct Shadowcrew to steal millions of credit card numbers. In Gonzalez's 2009 indictment, Kalinin and Drinkman were previously charged as “Hacker 1” and “Hacker 2.”
"This type of crime is the cutting edge," Fishman said in a press release. "Those who have the expertise and the inclination to break into our computer networks threaten our economic well-being, our privacy and our national security. And this case shows there is a real practical cost because these types of frauds increase the costs of doing business for every American consumer, every day."
All five suspects face wire fraud charges which carry a maximum penalty of 30 years in jail. Four of the five face 10 other counts of wire fraud, conspiracy and unauthorized access to computers, with additional penalties of up to 30 years in jail.
In a separate indictment, Kalinin was charged by the U.S. Attorney in the Southern District of New York with hacking Nasdaq servers, and with participating in a scheme to hack into U.S. financial institutions.

sábado, junio 22, 2013

Living in a Van to Pay Off Student Debt

Cuba: Balance oficial de la gestion del Sistema Bancario durante 2012

gestion bancaria no administracion financiera, como corresponderia a las funciones estatales del sistema bancario cubano.
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La reunión de balance del trabajo realizado por el Sistema Bancario Nacional (SBN) durante 2012, puso de manifiesto la necesidad de actuar con mayor diligencia y organización para vencer las dificultades subjetivas y materiales que actualmente impiden la prestación del servicio de óptima calidad que demandan la población y las empresas.
En el encuentro, presidido por Ernesto Medina Villaveirán, ministro presidente del Banco Central de Cuba (BCC), Irma Martínez Castrillón, vicepresidenta primera, y Francisco Mayobre Lence, vicepresidente para la atención a los bancos, participaron representantes de las instituciones del Sistema Bancario Nacional, desde las oficinas centrales hasta las direcciones provinciales.
Al hacer la presentación de los asuntos que centrarían el análisis, Francisco Mayobre Lence indicó que muchos de los frentes en los cuales se laboró durante 2012 tienen una necesaria continuidad en 2013, entre ellos, el ordenamiento de las finanzas externas, el mejoramiento de los servicios bancarios y la aplicación de la Nueva Política Bancaria que ya transitó su primer año y constituye la piedra angular en la estrategia para impulsar el desarrollo económico del país.
El análisis tomó como base el cumplimiento de los objetivos de trabajo de 2012. Se consideraron cumplidos el No 1, referido a dinamizar los procesos de reestructuración de la deuda externa para propiciar nuevas fuentes de financiamiento y el cumplimiento estricto de los compromisos contraídos; el No 2, que contempla proponer un procedimiento para la liquidación de las deudas de las empresas  de algunos organismos con los bancos comerciales; el No 5, referido a contribuir al logro de la estabilidad monetaria y cambiaria como parte del proceso de reordenamiento económico del entorno monetario de nuestra economía; el No 7, que indica garantizar la implementación de las normas prudenciales de supervisión bancaria y de control interno en los nuevos escenarios económicos y financieros del país, así como el No 8, sobre el trabajo de prevención de indisciplinas y ocurrencia de hechos delictivos y de corrupción.
El tema de la calidad –contenido en el Objetivo No 3, el único considerado incumplido– resultó uno de los más debatidos por los asistentes al Balance, quienes pusieron de manifiesto la necesidad de adoptar medidas para impedir que el crecimiento notable de los servicios de la banca incida de forma negativa en los tiempos y en la calidad de la atención a los clientes.
Se especificó que, a pesar del enorme esfuerzo realizado en muchos territorios, no se han logrado los avances esperados en la calidad de los servicios bancarios, sobre todo en La Habana y las capitales de provincia, donde se aprecian las situaciones más complejas, debido a que la demanda de servicios rebasa la capacidad de los bancos, evidenciando que las estructuras y la organización de las propias instituciones no resultan totalmente funcionales y en sintonía con los cambios que se están operando en la economía nacional. Esta realidad deberá ser tomada en cuenta durante los procesos de perfeccionamiento que comenzarán dentro del SBN, una vez concluido este proceso en el BCC.
Según fue posible apreciar, esta deficiencia está vinculada a diversos factores: insuficiente organización de los servicios en las sucursales, aplicación de procedimientos que no permiten hacer frente a la demanda actual de servicios, deficiente preparación del personal, prolongadas entrevistas a los clientes y dificultades con el intercambio de información entre los bancos.
Además, trascendió que los cambios de sistema no se realizan con la previsión necesaria para que se reduzca el impacto en la prestación de los servicios, y que es preciso abrir nuevas sucursales o ampliar las ya existentes, a la vez que hace falta trabajar más para lograr estabilizar la fuerza laboral.
Otra arista del servicio que resultó muy debatida, fue la del funcionamiento de los cajeros automáticos, cuya red se ve perjudicada por problemas organizativos y estructurales de las instituciones bancarias que inciden en la atención a estos equipos, a lo que se suma el desconocimiento en la manipulación.
Han influido otros factores, como mala planificación y deficiencias en la compra de piezas de repuesto, mal funcionamiento de los sistemas de respaldo ante cortes de electricidad, demora en la atención a los reportes técnicos y presencia de cajeros obsoletos en la red.
De esta forma, quedó expuesta la necesidad de dar una respuesta más dinámica al tema de la baja eficiencia en el funcionamiento de esta importante red, que si bien ha crecido de 284 equipos en 2007 a 387 en 2012, se ha visto seriamente afectada, al punto de ver disminuida su disponibilidad de un 90,40% a un 80% en igual período.
Esta situación motivó que la dirección del sistema bancario adoptara un plan de medidas en el que está incluida la adquisición en el exterior de 250 cajeros automáticos, parte de los cuales ya se han recibido, destinados a sustituir la tecnología obsoleta y a reforzar el servicio en la capital del país. También se ha realizado una mejor gestión en la compra de piezas de repuesto y equipos de respaldo.
No obstante, el debate mostró que es necesario dar un mejor seguimiento y aumentar la responsabilidad de la atención a los cajeros por parte de la sucursal, en cuanto al abastecimiento con efectivo, y que es necesario reforzar la actividad de pagos mediante medios automatizados no solo a partir del crecimiento de la red, sino también ampliando el uso de terminales de puntos de venta en comercios y empresas de cobro de servicios, una línea en la que está trabajando el país.
Las insuficiencias del servicio se reflejan de forma particular en el incremento de las quejas presentadas por la población, tanto por el tema de los cajeros, como en relación con el trato recibido, las demoras e inconformidad con el horario de atención. Otras están motivadas por créditos no aprobados, o reflejan insatisfacciones con el cobro de comisiones e intereses, o demoras en acreditaciones de cuentas y transferencias.
Esa imagen negativa sobre la banca se reflejó, además, en un ligero incremento de los planteamientos de los electores ante los delegados del Poder Popular en las asambleas de rendición de cuentas. En ese ámbito los temas más planteados se dirigen a la calidad del servicio que ofrece el banco, así como a la solicitud de instalación de nuevos cajeros automáticos y quejas sobre su funcionamiento.
Al respecto, en el Balance se indicó a los bancos comerciales hacer una revisión crítica de las encuestas aplicadas sobre el servicio, ya que sus resultados no se corresponden con la calidad percibida, reflejada por el crecimiento de las quejas y de los planteamientos. También se orientó establecer parámetros que permitan medir los tiempos de prestación de los servicios que brindan las sucursales.
“La principal divisa de los bancarios cubanos debe ser ofrecer un servicio excelente”, afirmó Francisco Mayobre Lence, vicepresidente del BCC, quien recordó que esta problemática tiene una estrecha relación con la implementación de los lineamientos 51, 52, 53 y 142.
Marina Torres García, vicepresidenta del Banco Metropolitano, explicó que su institución conoce que no puede satisfacer plenamente las necesidades de los capitalinos. Comentó que en los últimos 5 años se han incrementado en 20,2 millones las operaciones, sin que haya correspondencia con el crecimiento de número de oficinas y cajas, y ha crecido también el número de tarjetas sin un aumento sustancial de la red de cajeros automáticos. Por otra parte, el mal funcionamiento de los cajeros repercute en las sucursales, porque son operaciones que, al final, determinan que el cliente entre al banco a realizar el cobro que no pudo hacer.
Las sucursales también se ven perjudicadas por la concentración de los días de cobros de un grupo de organismos, y por el cobro de los impuestos. El banco paga al 85% de los jubilados y pensionados, debido a la reducción de pagos por otras vías, agregó.
Lidia Marta Echemendía Arana, directora territorial norte de CADECA, reconoció que el servicio que se presta es todavía de mala calidad, debido a dificultades al inicio de la jornada laboral, asociadas a la dispersión de las oficinas, y a que el 85% de la fuerza laboral está compuesto por mujeres, que se ausentan por problemas con los familiares y los hijos, sin que la administración pueda ubicar allí un relevante, como ocurre en el caso de las sucursales.
Continuar leyendo en la Revista del Banco Central de Cuba >>

sábado, junio 08, 2013

Dice el regimen que vigilará financiamiento al terrorismo y lavado de dinero

se vigilaran ellos mismos?
------------------------
El Banco Central de Cuba (BCC) puso en vigor un conjunto de medidas, publicadas este sábado por la Gaceta Oficial, para detectar lavado de dinero, financiamiento al terrorismo y movimientos de capitales ilícitos.

Se trata de las "Normas generales para la detección y prevención de operaciones en el enfrentamiento al lavado de activos, al financiamiento al terrorismo y movimiento de capitales ilícitos", que aparecen firmadas por Ernesto Medina, Ministro-Presidente del BCC.

Esas normas se aplicarán a "las instituciones financieras constituidas con arreglo a las leyes cubanas o extranjeras, cuyas funciones autorizadas en el territorio nacional sean proveer cualquier servicio de intermediación financiera, incluidas las operaciones de fideicomiso, de remesas y de cambio de moneda extranjera".

Señala que "la estrategia de gestión de riesgos de lavado de activos, el financiamiento al terrorismo y a la proliferación de armas se aplicará a todas las oficinas, filiales y sucursales de cada institución financiera".

Según la legislación de 25 artículos, "los integrantes del Sistema Bancario Nacional (que recibirán capacitación adicional) establecerán el nivel de vigilancia, cautela y control de las transacciones financieras que realicen, a fin de evitar que puedan ser utilizados o involucrados en la realización de operaciones con recursos de procedencia ilícita, o para financiar el terrorismo y la proliferación de armas".

En determinados casos, las instituciones financieras identificarán a los usuarios y verificarán la autenticidad de los datos y documentos presentados para su radicación y operaciones en la isla caribeña.

También las instituciones financieras cubanas podrán aplicar "medidas intensificadas" de control para obtener información adicional sobre el cliente, actualizar su identificación y el carácter o finalidad de la relación comercial, entre otras.
Once instituciones bancarias extranjeras están acreditas en la isla, según el sitio en internet del BCC. (bc.gov.cu).

Ellas son: Havin Bank Ltd, National Bank of Canada, Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, Banco Sabadell S.A, Société Généralé, Fransabank Sal, Caja de Ahorro y Monte de Piedad de Madrid, Banco Nacional de París BNP, Caja de Ahorro del Mediterráneo y BPCE Iinternational et Outre-Mer (BPCE-IOM).

La apertura a la inversión extranjera desde la década del 90 expone a la isla a que se sucedan esos delitos, como el caso del empresario francés Jean-Louis Autret, que fue condenado en agosto de 2011 a 15 años de prisión, bajo cargos de lavado de dinero, ligados con el narcotráfico y el fraude fiscal.

Estados Unidos, que mantiene a Cuba desde 1982 en la lista de países que apoyan el terrorismo, señaló en su informe publicado el mes pasado sobre el terrorismo en el mundo en 2012 que el Grupo de Acción Financiera Internacional (GAFI) había identificado deficiencias estratégicas en la gestión cubana contra el lavado de dinero y la lucha contra el financiamiento del terrorismo.

El reporte tomaba nota de que, en 2012, Cuba se convirtió en miembro del Grupo de Acción Financiera de Sudamérica contra el Lavado de Dinero, organismo regional al estilo del GAFI, un paso mediante el cual La Habana se comprometía a adoptar y aplicar las Recomendaciones del GAFI.

sábado, abril 27, 2013

Bitcoin’s real-world problem: Virtual currency facing bank backlash in Canada

Joseph David has overcome a lot of challenges since starting up Canada’s first Bitcoin exchange two years ago but his latest hurdle is proving tougher that all the others.

Terence Corcoran: Gold versus bitcoin

Over the last few days two of the pretenders to the world currency throne — bitcoin, the new high-profile digital currency, and gold, the centuries-old commodity currency — have fallen into a tailspin.
Virtex, based in Calgary, is an online market that matches Bitcoin buyers with sellers, with about $13-million of trades under its belt.
But earlier this month Royal Bank of Canada quietly informed Mr. David that it would no longer do business with his company.
“They shut down our account without any reason,” said Mr. David, an ebullient entrepreneur with a background in technology companies. “They just said we have the right to refuse service to whomever we wish.”
For whatever reason, many in Canada’s small but fast growing Bitcoin community are suddenly dealing with the same problem: The banks have decided they don’t like the cryptocurrency and they’re shutting down some of the accounts of businesses that deal in it.
They shut down our account without any reason
That the closing of conventional bank accounts could be a problem may sound counter-intuitive, since Bitcoin is supposed to be an alternative currency designed to operate outside of the conventional banking system. But in practice Bitcoin holders are constantly swapping back and forth into real dollars — partly because of volatile nature of the currency, which soared as high as $260 for a single Bitcoin after trading for years at less than $10, and partly because there’s not that much you can buy with it.
As a result, this latest move by the banks has thrown a monkey wrench into the nascent system.
“Only in Canada do you get a situation where a bank can shut down your account and you’re out of business,” said Melvin Ng, an engineering student at the University of Waterloo and the founder of what is likely the country’s newest bitcoin exchange, Cadbitcoin.
“Banks should certainly feel threatened by this new virtual currency, as Bitcoins will soon replace the need for banks to transfer money across borders,” Mr. Ng declared in a press release. “Bitcoin will revolutionize the banking industry, just like Bittorrent changed the video and music industry,” said Mr. Ng, comparing the currency to the super-fast and legally problematic peer-to-peer media downloading service.
A spokeswoman for RBC declined to comment on the matter, saying that the bank does not comment on individual clients.
Meanwhile the Canadian Bankers Association said it has no position since Bitcoin “is essentially an electronic currency that operates outside of the traditional national currency system.”
The Bank of Canada also has yet to take an official position, said Dale Alexander, a spokesman for the central bank. But in an emailed statement he went on to quote the Currency Act which defines legal tender as any bills or coins issued under the auspices of the Bank of Canada or the Royal Canadian Mint. The note also included a link to a European Central Bank study warning that virtual currencies such as Bitcoin are “inherently unstable,” “not regulated or closely supervised,” and “could have a negative impact on the reputation of central banks.”
As critics point out the currency has been extraordinarily volatile, with the value of a single Bitcoin ranging from less than $1 back in 2008 when it was first created to as much as $260 earlier this month. There have been several major corrections but each time it has recovered. That’s because enthusiasts refused to give up on the market, and the faithful will likely rush to buttress their virtual tender again if there’s another correction.
Bitcoin has no shortage of proponents.
“Bitcoin and similar electronic currencies have great advantages,” said Finn Poschmann, vice president of research at the C.D. Howe Institute. “First is that they are electronic — they can be easily exchanged, at low cost. Moreover, they can be exchanged among people and between people and businesses without the infrastructure associated with debit and credit cards, or wire transfers.”
Such currencies also come with “potentially great risks,” Mr. Poshmann cautions, adding that it is the job of regulators and monetary authorities to address those risks.
George Frey/Bloomberg
George Frey/Bloomberg
As critics point out the currency has been extraordinarily volatile, with the value of a single Bitcoin ranging from less than $1 back in 2008 when it was first created to as much as $260 earlier this month.
Bitcoin is only the latest in a string of virtual currencies, from the Linden Dollars used in the on-line game Second Life, to mobile phone air time units used as money by a large part of the population in Kenya and Tanzania.
The brainchild of a possibly fictitious Japanese software engineer, Bitcoin first emerged in 2009, just as the global financial system was being pushed to the brink. Unlike conventional money, it’s not controlled by any central bank or any other central authority and it exists only electronically. Instead it’s controlled by peer-to-peer software, like Bittorrent and other media file-sharing systems.
The whole thing is run by powerful computer systems owned by people called “miners.” They keep the ledgers, recording every transaction that takes place and as a reward, they get periodic payments of Bitcoin.
One of the big advantages is that it’s resistant to the kind of tampering that happened in the aftermath of the financial crisis that saw central banks pumping out huge quantities of new money as a way to revive ailing banks. Critics charge that such moves will ultimately result in inflation, devaluing the holdings of countless individual savers.
Another advantage is that the cost of doing transactions is a lot less than, say, with a credit card where the issuer charges around 3% each time the card is swiped. Such fees are the lifeblood of the banking system but they are significantly reduced because Bitcoin purchases don’t require a middleman.
To get Bitcoin you need to go to an exchange like Mr. David’s Virtex, or maybe you will opt for Mt. Gox, the world’s biggest Bitcoin exchange. There you can use Canadian dollars to buy Bitcoin which is sent electronically and stored on your laptop hard drive.
And over the past few months, a lot of people have been doing that, rapidly driving up the value of Bitcoin. But as a true currency it’s got a ways to go as there’s not a lot of retailers that accept it, at least not yet.
But the supporters are a determined lot, and the lack of stuff to buy doesn’t appear to be a problem. Most appear happy to sit on their hoards until the value goes up and then swap back into dollars to lock in their gains. Owing to white-knuckle volatility, that strategy hasn’t worked for everyone but clearly some are doing very well by it.
Paul Chavady, a real estate agent in Saskatoon, said he began offering services in Bitcoin after getting calls from potential customers who want to buy some bricks and mortar for their virtual spoils.
Tomohiro Ohsumi/BloombergCritics say the rise of bitcoin is also being helped by secrecy.
“We were getting all these inquiries from people who made a lot of money in bitcoin and they were enquiring about buying a house,” said Mr. Chavady. “It’s something that’s picking up. “
So far support for Bitcoin has come from a small community of tech-savvy evangelists and hipsters, but it’s rapidly growing thanks to the sharp rise in value.
Mike Caldwell, a 35-year-old software developer from Utah, is part of the unusual breed of Bitcoin entrepreneurs.
Mr. Caldwell manufactures physical Bitcoins, churning out thousands of the gold-coloured tokens which he claims cannot be counterfeited due to his tamper-proof holographic technology. The notion of a physical manifestation of a virtual currency may seem a bit odd, but he claims demand is so high that he’s created 17,000 coins since launching the business a year and a half ago and he’s only taking on new customers by invitation.
Critics say the rise of Bitcoin is also being helped by secrecy. The fact that transactions are anonymous makes Bitcoin the perfect system for drug dealers and other criminals, they say. Indeed, that’s become one of the major arguments against the currency.
James Grant, owner of the Ottawa-based Bitcoin brokerage Canadian Bitcoins, scoffs at that. Transactions with physical cash are just as anonymous, he argues.
He too has had his bank account shut down and he’s furious about it. The bank “didn’t give us a reason, but I could see them being worried about money laundering. If they had asked, we have invoices and receipts [for all our transactions]. We could have given them all those things… I believe in Bitcoin for the long term.”

domingo, febrero 17, 2013

Currency Wars

economy
Miguel Aguirre
There is an interesting book published in 2011, Currency wars by James Rickards, with a shocking subtitle: “The making of the next global crisis”.  Lat week France president told in the European Parliament: “The Euro should not fluctuate according to the mood of the markets” If this is suppose to express a desire for an exchange rate intervention is yet to be seen but certainly there are two views inside the EU. The one expressed by François Hollande and the one supported by Germany that has long opposed any intervention on this issue affirming that eurozone´s top priority must be “strengthening competitiveness , rather than weakening the currency.
The relevant point delivered by Mr. Hollande is that “A monetary zone must have an exchange rate policy, if not it will be subjected to an exchange rate that does not reflect the real state of the economy”.  The euro area is expected to deliver another weak growth this year: around 0%, but the Euro appreciated during the last 12 months against the USD (0, 76 a year ago vs. 0, 74 this month, and a 4% rise this year).
Currency market is by definition an Over the Counter one, hence not regulated.  Should the ECB factor the strength of the Euro or should it take decisions as had been taken in Japan recently, weakening the exchange rate of the yen?
The world is yet to recover from the 2008 crisis and promote exports had been taken as a first priority politic for many countries worldwide.
In the globalized world we live today the main question for Europe is if this trade promotion policy can be taken without currency intervention.

lunes, enero 21, 2013

Who Really Owns the U.S. National Debt? [Preliminary FY2012 Edition]

Today, we're taking a preliminary look at just who owns all the debt issued by the U.S. federal government through 30 September 2012 - the end of the U.S. government's fiscal year. Our chart below visualizes what we found:
Preliminary Fiscal Year 2012: To Whom Does the U.S. Government Owe Money?
The information presented in our chart above is preliminary, as the U.S. Treasury typically revises its foreign entity debt ownership data in March of each year.
Overall, U.S. entities own just 65.8% of all debt issued by the U.S. federal government. Ranking the major U.S. entities from low to high, we find that:
  • The U.S. government's military retirement fund owns 2.4% of the national debt.
  • The U.S. government's civilian employee retirement fund accounts for another 5.6% of the nation's debt.
  • The U.S. Federal Reserve, thanks to its quantitative easing programs of recent years, has racked up holdings equal to 10.8% of the total U.S. national debt.
  • The U.S. Social Security Trust Fund claims 16.7%.
  • U.S. individuals and institutions, which includes regular Americans, banks, insurance companies and other government entities, own 30.4% of the nation's debt.
Meanwhile, foreign entities own 34.2% of all U.S. government-issued debt, with the following nations' individuals and institutions representing the five biggest holders of that debt, again ranked from low to high:
  • United Kingdom: 0.9%
  • Brazil: 1.6%
  • "Oil Exporters", which includes Ecuador, Venezuela, Indonesia, Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait,Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, Gabon, Libya, Nigeria and the United Arab Emirates: 1.7%
  • Japan: 7.0%
  • China (including Hong Kong): 8.1%
All other nations hold approximately 15% of the U.S. outstanding national debt.

The Role of Quantitative Easing in Offsetting Foreign Ownership of the U.S. National Debt

The Federal Reserve's various quantitative easing programs of recent years, where the U.S. government-chartered central bank has purchased large quantities of U.S. government-issued debt in its attempts to keep the U.S. government's spending elevated and the U.S. economy stimulated by lowering long-term interest rates, are especially interesting in the degree to which they've succeeded in offsetting the share of the U.S. national debt owned by foreign interests.
Here, the Fed boosted its holdings of U.S. Treasury securities from a low of $474 billion on 18 March 2009 when it launched QE 1.0 to a peak of $1.684 trillion on 21 December 2011, which fell back to $1.676 trillion by 26 September 2012 - just before the end of the U.S. government's 2012 fiscal year.
The Fed also boosted its holdings of other federal agency debt securities from $48 billion on 18 March 2009 to a peak value of $169 billion on 10 March 2010, which has slowly declined to $83 billion as of 26 September 2012. All told, the Federal Reserve held an additional $1.21 trillion of the U.S. national debt compared to what it did before it began its quantitative easing programs.
As a result, the U.S. Federal Reserve has gone from holding 4.7% of all U.S. government-issued debt as of 18 March 2009 to holding 10.8% of it as of the end of the U.S. government's Fiscal Year 2012. During the peak of the program, the Federal Reserve crowded out almost every other purchaser of U.S. government-issued debt.
Assuming that other U.S. entities would have been unable to accumulate more of the U.S. national debt than they did during this period and that the U.S. government would have spent as much money as it did, if not for the Federal Reserve's quantitative easing programs, the share of the U.S. national debt held by foreign entities would have increased to 41.7%, with the bulk of the foreign acquisitions going to China.
As it stands, a little over 1 out of every 3 dollars borrowed by the U.S. federal government is now owned by foreign interests.

Data Sources

U.S. Federal Reserve. U.S. Treasury securities held by the Federal Reserve: All Maturities. Accessed 14 January 2013.
U.S. Federal Reserve. Federal agency debt securities held by the Federal Reserve: All Maturities. Accessed 14 January 2013.
U.S. Treasury. Major Foreign Holders of Treasury Securities. Accessed 14 January 2013.

Venezuela: Fuga de capitales en los últimos 10 años sumó 144,9 millardos de dólares

lautopiaesposible.blogspot.com
El control de cambio vigente en Venezuela desde febrero de 2003 no ha impedido la fuga de capitales. En los últimos 10 años han salido del país 144,9 millardos de dólares, según cálculos de la firma Ecoanalítica basados en cifras oficiales, lo que equivale a cuatro veces y medio el monto de las actuales reservas internacionales del país.
El 5 de febrero de 2003 fue publicado en Gaceta Oficial el Convenio Cambiario N.° 1, con el que se impusieron limitaciones a la compra de dólares por parte de las empresas y las personas naturales. Tal medida se debió a la caída de la producción petrolera y de las exportaciones de crudo luego del paro petrolero entre finales de 2002 y principios de 2003, lo que erosionó las finanzas de la nación. El mercado se cerró a fin de evitar que salieran del país divisas para actividades que no fueran absolutamente necesarias.
Tres vías han facilitado esta salida de divisas. Una de ellas, las emisiones de bono que ha hecho la República y Petróleos de Venezuela y que asciende a 60 millardos de dólares aproximadamente
Otra vía, las operaciones de permuta cuando aún existía el mercado de valores en Venezuela. A través de la compra de bonos las casas de bolsa y sociedades de corretaje liquidaban títulos valores a un tipo de cambio oficial, pero no fijo permitido por la ley. Sin embargo, a partir del año 2012 este tipo de operaciones quedó prohibido.
La fuga de capitales también se ha producido mediante la sobrefacturación que hacen algunas empresas importadoras a través de la Comisión de Administración de Divisas y el Sistema de Transacciones con Títulos en Moneda Extrajera, que funciona en el Banco Central de Venezuela. Tal mecanismo carece de legalidad porque significa un fraude a la República y que, según un estudio preliminar de Econalítica, representa 19,9% del total de importaciones al sector privado. En el caso de las importaciones públicas, que no están bajo supervisión de Cadivi ni del Sitme, esta cifra de sobrefacturación es mucho más alta.
Restricción. Para el diputado del PSUV, Ramón Lobo, el mantenimiento del control de cambio se justifica porque el Estado tiene la necesidad de contar con las divisas para orientar el desarrollo del país a fin de continuar adelantando el plan estratégico. “Los dólares son para importar bienes servicios y es el Gobierno el que debe dirigirlos de acuerdo con la prioridad y las áreas que se tienen previstas. Los gobiernos anteriores eran condescendientes con los empresarios. En 1983, durante el gobierno de Luis Herrera Campíns, ocurrió el famoso viernes negro y salieron del país más de 25 millardos de dólares ese año”.
El economista Asdrúbal Oliveros, de la firma Ecoanalítica, asegura que el control de cambio, implementado en un momento histórico, obedecía a la situación de Petróleos de Venezuela, que se encontraba muy vulnerable luego del paro petrolero.
“El problema es que la asignación de divisas se ha convertido en un mecanismo de control político para las empresas y las personas naturales. El control de cambio y la represión financiera le ha permitido al Gobierno financiar su déficit fiscal y gastar sin control y ese es uno de los incentivos por los cuales no lo levanta. El Gobierno se financia internamente con estos recursos”, puntualizó Oliveros.
De Cadivi al Sitme
En febrero de 2003 se ordena por decreto la creación de la Comisión de Administración de Divisas, pero no fue hasta finales de abril de ese año cuando la institución comenzó a otorgar divisas a las empresas y personas naturales.
El mercado de permuta operaba paralelamente como otra vía legal para la adquisición de divisas. Para entonces existían las operaciones con los llamados ADR que eran títulos de Cantv, que todavía era de capital privado y subastaba tales papeles en la Bolsa de Nueva York. A través de estos las empresas y las personas naturales podían obtener dólares.
Para el año 2004, con la llegada de las emisiones de bonos de la República y de Cantv, el mercado de valores comienza a tener una mayor preponderancia y aparece el llamado dólar permuta. En 2009 tenía prácticamente el mismo tamaño que Cadivi en cuanto a la adquisición de dólares. Esto comenzó a ser motivo de preocupación para el Gobierno.
En 2010 se declara ilegal el mercado de permuta y se ordena la ilegalización de las casas de bolsa y sociedades de corretaje. Asimismo, se ordena la creación del Sistema de Transacciones con Títulos en Moneda Extranjera a través de subastas de papeles en el Banco Central de Venezuela.

martes, enero 15, 2013

Jon Stewart Fires Back At Paul Krugman: 'If Somebody Is Ruining Their Brand' With The Trillion Dollar Coin, It's You

Daily Show host Jon Stewart fired back last night at economist Paul Krugman over the idea of minting a trillion-dollar coin to work around the debt ceiling. It continued a riff that was forged over the weekend when Krugman slammed Stewart for being "lazy" in satirizing the idea.
Stewart mocked Krugman as "the only creature more noble than a freshly felched unicorn" and "the rare gray-bearded urban laureate." He took issue with Krugman calling him "lazy" in a blog post over the weekend, joking that he was "banging it out four days a week, 22 minutes a day!"
Stewart then played a clip of Krugman saying Stewart was "ruining his brand" by not doing enough research and mocking the opposition.
"I'm pretty sure that is my brand," Stewart quipped.
Then he added this kicker: "If somebody is ruining their brand with a trillion dollar coin idea, I don't think it’s the non-economist."
Stewart noted that he was a fan of Krugman.
Watch the full clip below:

viernes, enero 11, 2013

PAUL KRUGMAN: The Deficit Is Basically Solved [seriously...?]

are these guys playing around?
----------------------- 
Many people think that fixing the deficit is a painful process that involves deep cuts to crucial programs. Some think the process is too hard, and it's not worth trying yet. 
That's not correct, according to a chart from from the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities' Richard Kogan showing just how far the United States has come in the past two years. 
We've talked before about how the painless and most effective solution to the deficit is additional growth in GDP.  As the recovery progresses and GDP rises, the government will get more revenue from increased productivity. We've also pointed out that — fundamentally — we don't have a spending problem.
Deficit Success
Paul Krugman made the point that the chart shows how far we've come on the deficit and how easy it will be to solve moving forward. 
Richard Kogan points out that the debt to GDP is very important indicator, and can't rise forever. "If it did," he says, "that would shrink the amount of national saving available for private investment, ultimately impairing productivity growth and, in turn, living standards."
In short, seeing what we're seeing is a good thing. 
The chart shows the stabilization of the debt to GDP ratio of the United States.
As late as 2011, the U.S. was bound for an unmitigated increase in debt to GDP ratio. Thanks to two bills, the deficit is close to coming under control:
  • The Budget Control Act of 2011 (BCA), which came from the debt ceiling negotiations and mandates $1.2 trillion in cuts.
  • The American Taxpayer Relief Act (ATRA), which was signed two weeks ago to avert the fiscal cliff and raised taxes on high earners. 
The red line on the bottom — which would stabilize the debt to GDP ratio — is what would come of an additional $1.4 trillion in government savings. Such savings could come in the form of either cuts or revenue raises, or a combination of both.
That's all it would take to permanently stabilize the debt to GDP ratio. Yes, the debt will continue to rise, but as long as it's rising at a slower, stable rate compared to GDP, the U.S. will be in an exceptional position moving forward. 
Krugman and Kogan's points are the same: The U.S. has come a very, very long way recently. In the past two years, the federal government has successfully cut the deficit, and is all things considered very close to stabilizing the debt. 

Jon Stewart On 'Mint The Coin'


The idea of minting a trillion-dollar platinum coin to work around the debt ceiling has gained some credible support in what has been just more than a week since its renewed take-off.
Rep. Jerry Nadler supports the idea. Nobel Prize-winning economist Paul Krugman wrote his first print column today advocating the possibility if Republican members of Congress vote against raising the debt ceiling. Even the White House didn't flatly rule it out.
But don't count Daily Show host Jon Stewart among its supporters. He jabbed at the idea in a segment in his show on Thursday, comparing it to newly nominated Treasury Secretary Jack Lew's signature.
"I'm not an economist," Stewart said. "But if we're going to just make [stuff] up, I say go big or go home. How about a $20 trillion coin?" Or, he suggested, maybe a $1 "quillion" coin.
"We don’t need some trillion-dollar coin gimmick," Stewart said. "We need a way to get the world to take the U.S. dollar seriously again."
Then he presented Lew's signature. At least he thought the trillion-dollar coin wasn't as ridiculous as that.
"Hey, Lew, here’s a tip: stop signing all your checks on the tea cup ride at Disney World," Stewart said.
Here's the full clip, courtesy of Comedy Central:http://watch.thecomedynetwork.ca/the-daily-show-with-jon-stewart/full-episodes/the-daily-show-with-jon-stewart---january-10-2013/#clip841462

jueves, enero 10, 2013

Republican senator rips Obama Treasury pick over 'false' statement on debt

President Obama plans to announce Thursday afternoon that he is nominating White House chief of staff Jack Lew to replace Treasury Secretary Tim Geithner, a White House official told Fox News.
Keep reading on foxnews >>

lunes, enero 07, 2013

MoveOn.org nominates Paul Krugman for Treasury Secretary

theblaze
The progressive activist group MoveOn.org is partnering with Hollywood actor/Hugo Chavez superfan Danny Glover in a petition drive urging the president to nominate New York Times‘ Keynesian economist and Obama enthusiast, Paul Krugman. So far, their petition has netted over 197,000 suckers… er, I mean signatories.
MoveOn.org nominates Paul Krugman for Treasury Secretary
“We urge you to nominate Paul Krugman for Treasury Secretary,” the petition states. “Krugman will protect Social Security and Medicare from benefit cuts, promote policies to create jobs, and help defeat the austerity dogma in Washington and around the world.”
Krugman, a fellow Nobel Prize winner and poster child of modern liberalism, would handily complement Obama’s progressive policies.  He’s also a big Obama apologist & Bush-blamer — aces for a liberal litmus test.
“It’s terribly unfair that [President Obama is] being judged on the failure of the economy,” Krugman has explained, “to respond to policies that had been largely dictated by a hostile Congress.”
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Retratos de fusilados por el Castrismo - Juan Abreu

"Hablame"

"EN TIEMPOS DIFÍCILES" - Heberto Padilla

A aquel hombre le pidieron su tiempo

para que lo juntara al tiempo de la Historia.

Le pidieron las manos,

porque para una época difícil

nada hay mejor que un par de buenas manos.

Le pidieron los ojos

que alguna vez tuvieron lágrimas

para que contemplara el lado claro

(especialmente el lado claro de la vida)

porque para el horror basta un ojo de asombro.

Le pidieron sus labios

resecos y cuarteados para afirmar,

para erigir, con cada afirmación, un sueño

(el-alto-sueño);

le pidieron las piernas

duras y nudosas

(sus viejas piernas andariegas),

porque en tiempos difíciles

¿algo hay mejor que un par de piernas

para la construcción o la trinchera?

Le pidieron el bosque que lo nutrió de niño,

con su árbol obediente.

Le pidieron el pecho, el corazón, los hombros.

Le dijeron

que eso era estrictamente necesario.

Le explicaron después

que toda esta donación resultaria inútil.

sin entregar la lengua,

porque en tiempos difíciles

nada es tan útil para atajar el odio o la mentira.

Y finalmente le rogaron

que, por favor, echase a andar,

porque en tiempos difíciles

esta es, sin duda, la prueba decisiva.

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La columna de Cubanalisis

NEOCASTRISMO [Hacer click en la imagen]

NEOCASTRISMO [Hacer click en la imagen]
¨Saturno jugando con sus hijos¨/ Pedro Pablo Oliva

Seguidores

Carta desde la carcel de Fidel Castro Ruz

“…después de todo, para mí la cárcel es un buen descanso, que sólo tiene de malo el que es obligatorio. Leo mucho y estudio mucho. Parece increíble, las horas pasan como si fuesen minutos y yo, que soy de temperamento intranquilo, me paso el día leyendo, apenas sin moverme para nada. La correspondencia llega normalmente…”

“…Como soy cocinero, de vez en cuando me entretengo preparando algún pisto. Hace poco me mandó mi hermana desde Oriente un pequeño jamón y preparé un bisté con jalea de guayaba. También preparo spaghettis de vez en cuando, de distintas formas, inventadas todas por mí; o bien tortilla de queso. ¡Ah! ¡Qué bien me quedan! por supuesto, que el repertorio no se queda ahí. Cuelo también café que me queda muy sabroso”.
“…En cuanto a fumar, en estos días pasados he estado rico: una caja de tabacos H. Upman del doctor Miró Cardona, dos cajas muy buenas de mi hermano Ramón….”.
“Me voy a cenar: spaghettis con calamares, bombones italianos de postre, café acabadito de colar y después un H. Upman #4. ¿No me envidias?”.
“…Me cuidan, me cuidan un poquito entre todos. No le hacen caso a uno, siempre estoy peleando para que no me manden nada. Cuando cojo el sol por la mañana en shorts y siento el aire de mar, me parece que estoy en una playa… ¡Me van a hacer creer que estoy de vacaciones! ¿Qué diría Carlos Marx de semejantes revolucionarios?”.

Quotes

¨La patria es dicha de todos, y dolor de todos, y cielo para todos, y no feudo ni capellaní­a de nadie¨ - Marti

"No temas ni a la prision, ni a la pobreza, ni a la muerte. Teme al miedo"
-
Giacomo Leopardi

¨Por eso es muy importante, Vicky, hijo mío, que recuerdes siempre para qué sirve la cabeza: para atravesar paredes¨Halvar de Flake [El vikingo]

"Como no me he preocupado de nacer, no me preocupo de morir" - Lorca

"Al final, no os preguntarán qué habéis sabido, sino qué habéis hecho" - Jean de Gerson

"Si queremos que todo siga como está, es necesario que todo cambie" - Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa

"Todo hombre paga su grandeza con muchas pequeñeces, su victoria con muchas derrotas, su riqueza con múltiples quiebras" - Giovanni Papini


"Life is what happens while you are busy making other plans" - John Lennon

"Habla bajo, lleva siempre un gran palo y llegarás lejos" - Proverbio Africano

"No hay medicina para el miedo" - Proverbio escoces

"El supremo arte de la guerra es doblegar al enemigo sin luchar"
- Sun Tzu

"You do not really understand something unless you can explain it to your grandmother" - Albert Einstein

"It is inaccurate to say I hate everything. I am strongly in favor of common sense, common honesty, and common decency. This makes me forever ineligible for public office" - H. L. Menken

"I swore never to be silent whenever and wherever human beings endure suffering and humiliation. We must always take sides. Neutrality helps the oppressor, never the victim. Silence encourages the tormentor, never the tormented" - Elie Wiesel

"Stay hungry, stay foolish" -
Steve Jobs

"If you put the federal government in charge of the Sahara Desert , in five years ther'ed be a shortage of sand" - Milton Friedman

"The tragedy of modern man is not that he knows less and less about the meaning of his own life, but that it bothers him less and less" - Vaclav Havel

"No se puede controlar el resultado, pero si lo que uno haga para alcanzarlo" -
Vitor Belfort [MMA Fighter]

Liborio

Liborio
A la puerta de la gloria está San Pedro sentado y ve llegar a su lado a un hombre de cierta historia. No consigue hacer memoria y le pregunta con celo: ¿Quién eras allá en el suelo? Era Liborio mi nombre. Has sufrido mucho, hombre, entra, te has ganado el cielo.

Para Raul Castro

Cuba ocupa el penultimo lugar en el mundo en libertad economica solo superada por Corea del Norte.

Cuba ocupa el lugar 147 entre 153 paises evaluados en "Democracia, Mercado y Transparencia 2007"

Cuando vinieron

Cuando vinieron a buscar a los comunistas, Callé: yo no soy comunista.
Cuando vinieron a buscar a los sindicalistas, Callé: yo no soy sindicalista.
Cuando vinieron a buscar a los judíos, Callé: yo no soy judío. Cuando vinieron a buscar a los católicos, Callé: yo no soy “tan católico”.
Cuando vinieron a buscarme a mí, Callé: no había quien me escuchara.

Reverendo Martin Niemöller

Martha Colmenares

Martha Colmenares
Un sitio donde los hechos y sus huellas nos conmueven o cautivan
Bloggers Unite

CUBA LLORA Y EL MUNDO Y NOSOTROS NO ESCUCHAMOS

Donde esta el Mundo, donde los Democratas, donde los Liberales? El pueblo de Cuba llora y nadie escucha.
Donde estan los Green, los Socialdemocratas, los Ricos y los Pobres, los Con Voz y Sin Voz? Cuba llora y nadie escucha.
Donde estan el Jet Set, los Reyes y Principes, Patricios y Plebeyos? Cuba desesperada clama por solidaridad.
Donde Bob Dylan, donde Martin Luther King, donde Hollywood y sus estrellas? Donde la Middle Class democrata y conservadora, o acaso tambien liberal a ratos? Y Gandhi? Y el Dios de Todos?
Donde los Santos y Virgenes; los Dioses de Cristianos, Protestantes, Musulmanes, Budistas, Testigos de Jehova y Adventistas del Septimo Dia. Donde estan Ochun y todas las deidades del Panteon Yoruba que no acuden a nuestro llanto? Donde Juan Pablo II que no exige mas que Cuba se abra al Mundo y que el Mundo se abra a Cuba?
Que hacen ahora mismo Alberto de Monaco y el Principe Felipe que no los escuchamos? Donde Madonna, donde Angelina Jolie y sus adoptados around de world; o nos hara falta un Brando erguido en un Oscar por Cuba? Donde Sean Penn?
Donde esta la Aristocracia Obrera y los Obreros menos Aristocraticos, donde los Working Class que no estan junto a un pueblo que lanquidece, sufre y llora por la ignominia?
Que hacen ahora mismo Zapatero y Rajoy que no los escuchamos, y Harper y Dion, e Hillary y Obama; donde McCain que no los escuchamos? Y los muertos? Y los que estan muriendo? Y los que van a morir? Y los que se lanzan desesperados al mar?
Donde estan el minero cantabrico o el pescador de percebes gijonese? Los Canarios donde estan? A los africanos no los oimos, y a los australianos con su acento de hombres duros tampoco. Y aquellos chinos milenarios de Canton que fundaron raices eternas en la Isla? Y que de la Queen Elizabeth y los Lords y Gentlemen? Que hace ahora mismo el combativo Principe Harry que no lo escuchamos?
Donde los Rockefellers? Donde los Duponts? Donde Kate Moss? Donde el Presidente de la ONU? Y Solana donde esta? Y los Generales y Doctores? Y los Lam y los Fabelo, y los Sivio y los Fito Paez?
Y que de Canseco y Miñoso? Y de los veteranos de Bahia de Cochinos y de los balseros y de los recien llegados? Y Carlos Otero y Susana Perez? Y el Bola, y Pancho Cespedes? Y YO y TU?
Y todos nosotros que estamos aqui y alla rumiando frustaciones y resquemores, envidias y sinsabores; autoelogios y nostalgias, en tanto Louis Michel comulga con Perez Roque mientras Biscet y una NACION lanquidecen?
Donde Maceo, donde Marti; donde aquel Villena con su carga para matar bribones?
Cuba llora y clama y el Mundo NO ESCUCHA!!!

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